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Effect of Silane Coupling Agent on Tribological Properties of Hemp Fiber-Reinforced Plant-Derived Polyamide 1010 Biomass Composites
We have studied the effects of silane coupling agents used for the surface treatment of fiber on the tribological properties of hemp fiber (HF) reinforced plant-derived polyamide 1010 (PA1010) biomass composites. Hemp fibers were surface-treated by two surface treatment methods: (a) alkali treatment by sodium hydroxide solution and (b) surface treatment by silane coupling agents. Three types of silane coupling agents, namely aminosilane, epoxysilane and ureidosilane were used. These HF/PA1010…
. 2017 Sep 5;10(9):1040.
doi: 10.3390/ma10091040.
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Abstract
We have studied the effects of silane coupling agents used for the surface treatment of fiber on the tribological properties of hemp fiber (HF) reinforced plant-derived polyamide 1010 (PA1010) biomass composites. Hemp fibers were surface-treated by two surface treatment methods: (a) alkali treatment by sodium hydroxide solution and (b) surface treatment by silane coupling agents. Three types of silane coupling agents, namely aminosilane, epoxysilane and ureidosilane were used. These HF/PA1010 biomass composites were extruded using a twin extruder, and injection-molded. The mechanical and tribological properties were evaluated by the ring-on-plate type sliding wear test. It was found that tribological properties of HF/PA1010 biomass composites improved with the surface treatment by the silane coupling agent. This may be attributed to the change in the mode of friction and wear mechanism by the interfacial adhesion between fiber and matrix polymer according to the type of silane coupling agent used. In particular, the ureidosilane coupling agent showed the best improvement effect for the tribological properties of these biomass composites in this study.
Keywords: friction; hemp fiber; plant-derived polyamide; polymer-matrix composites; silane coupling agent; wear.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Figures
SEM photographs of fracture surface for various surface-treated HF/PA1010 biomass composites: (a) HF; (b) HF-S1; (c) HF-S2 and (d) HF-S3 (×3000).
Frictional coefficient as a function of sliding distance for various surface-treated HF/PA1010 biomass composites.
Tribological properties (P = 50 N, v = 0.2 m/s, and L = 600 m) of various surface-treated HF/PA1010 biomass composites.
Tribological properties of various surface-treated HF/PA1010 biomass composites with ureidosilane coupling agents (S3).
SEM photographs of the metallic counterface before and after sliding wear tests of various surface-treated HF/PA1010 biomass composites (Vf = 20 vol %): (a) Before test; (b) PA1010; (c) HF; (d) HF-S1; (e) HF-S2 and (f) HF-S3.
SEM photographs of the metallic counterface before and after sliding wear tests of various surface-treated HF/PA1010 biomass composites (Vf = 20 vol %): (a) Before test; (b) PA1010; (c) HF; (d) HF-S1; (e) HF-S2 and (f) HF-S3.
SEM photographs of wear debris after sliding wear tests of various surface-treated HF/PA1010 biomass composites: (a) PA1010; (b) HF; (c) HF-S1; (d) HF-S2; (e) HF-S3-20 and (f) HF-S3-30.
SEM photographs of the worn surface after sliding wear tests of various surface-treated HF/PA1010 biomass composites: (a) PA1010; (b) HF; (c) HF-S1; (d) HF-S2; (e) HF-S3-20 and (f) HF-S3-30.
SEM photographs of the worn surface after sliding wear tests of various surface-treated HF/PA1010 biomass composites: (a) HF (Magnification of Figure 7b) and (b) HF-S3-20 (Magnification of Figure 7e).
Frictional coefficient as a function of sliding distance measured by the step load test at v = 0.4 m/s for various surface-treated HF/PA1010 biomass composites: (a) HF and (b) HF-S3.
Apparent contact pressure as a function of sliding velocity for various surface-treated HF/PA1010 biomass composites: (a) Influence of type of silane coupling agent and (b) Influence of volume fraction of HF.
Limiting pv value as a function of sliding velocity v for various surface-treated HF/PA1010 biomass composites: (a) Influence of type of silane coupling agent and (b) Influence of volume fraction of HF.
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