Metal
Characterization of the nanocomposite laminate structure occurring in fish scales from Arapaima Gigas
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In the present paper, the nanocomposite laminate structure of scales from the Amazonian fish Arapaima Gigas is investigated. The structure and composition of the scales were assessed by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The theory of Fickian diffusion is used and discussed in order to rationalize the water absorption and desorption behavior of the scales. Morphology studies and fracture analysis of the native scales were carried out using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Light Optical Microscopy (LOM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). A fibrous layer of collagen and a plywood-like structure were observed. In order to study the mineral phase, the native scales were burned at 600 °C until all the organic components were degraded. The remaining ashes were then observed under the microscope and weighed to determine ratio of organic and inorganic components. The mechanical behavior of dry and wet scales was assessed by tensile tests and the effect of water in mechanical properties is also discussed.
This article originally appeared in Materials Science and Engineering: C? 28, 2008, Pages 1276-1283.
Sign up or log in to your free Materials Today account to download the full article.
Sign up or log in to your free Materials Today account to download the full article.
In the present paper, the nanocomposite laminate structure of scales from the Amazonian fish Arapaima Gigas is investigated. The structure and composition of the scales were assessed by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The theory of Fickian diffusion is used and discussed in order to rationalize the water absorption and desorption behavior of the scales. Morphology studies and fracture analysis of the native scales were carried out using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Light Optical Microscopy (LOM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). A fibrous layer of collagen and a plywood-like structure were observed. In order to study the mineral phase, the native scales were burned at 600 °C until all the organic components were degraded. The remaining ashes were then observed under the microscope and weighed to determine ratio of organic and inorganic components. The mechanical behavior of dry and wet scales was assessed by tensile tests and the effect of water in mechanical properties is also discussed.
This article originally appeared in Materials Science and Engineering: C? 28, 2008, Pages 1276-1283.
Sign up or log in to your free Materials Today account to download the full article.
Metal
Teijin launches new carbon fiber brands

Teijin has launched its new Tenax PW (power series) and Tenax BM (beam series) brands of carbon fiber intermediate materials for sports applications.
According to the company, Tenax PW is an aircraft-quality material made of high-tensile-modulus resin that can help maximize power and speed due to its improved durability and toughness. The material can also suppres and absorb impact forces to minimize and localize damage after impact. Teijin says that its compressive strength is better than that of the company’s standard carbon fiber prepregs.
Tenax BM is suitable for applications requiring flexibility and resistance to thermal expansion due to its improved rigidity, straightness, operability and stability. The material also offers improved vibration damping (suppression and absorption), achieving four times greater damping than that of Teijin’s standard carbon fiber prepregs, the company said.
This story uses material from Teijin, with editorial changes made by Materials Today. The views expressed in this article do not necessarily represent those of Elsevier.

Teijin has launched its new Tenax PW (power series) and Tenax BM (beam series) brands of carbon fiber intermediate materials for sports applications.
According to the company, Tenax PW is an aircraft-quality material made of high-tensile-modulus resin that can help maximize power and speed due to its improved durability and toughness. The material can also suppres and absorb impact forces to minimize and localize damage after impact. Teijin says that its compressive strength is better than that of the company’s standard carbon fiber prepregs.
Tenax BM is suitable for applications requiring flexibility and resistance to thermal expansion due to its improved rigidity, straightness, operability and stability. The material also offers improved vibration damping (suppression and absorption), achieving four times greater damping than that of Teijin’s standard carbon fiber prepregs, the company said.
This story uses material from Teijin, with editorial changes made by Materials Today. The views expressed in this article do not necessarily represent those of Elsevier.
Metal
Japan’s steel scrap exports down 23.5 percent in January
In January this year, Japanese ferrous scrap exports amounted to 500,986 mt.
In January this year, Japanese ferrous scrap exports amounted to 500,986 mt, falling by 23.5 percent compared to 655,234 mt in the same month of the previous year, according to customs statistics.
During the given month, Vietnam was the biggest importer of Japanese scrap, importing 204,149 mt, down by 4.2 percent year on year. Vietnam was followed by South Korea and Taiwan, importing 155,792 mt and 76,844 mt of scrap, down 43.5 percent and down 7.7 percent, respectively, year on year.
Meanwhile, Japanese scrap exports to Bangladesh decreased to 31,782 mt in January, down from 43,419 mt in the previous year.
Metal
Japan’s steel scrap exports down 23.5 percent in January
In January this year, Japanese ferrous scrap exports amounted to 500,986 mt.
In January this year, Japanese ferrous scrap exports amounted to 500,986 mt, falling by 23.5 percent compared to 655,234 mt in the same month of the previous year, according to customs statistics.
During the given month, Vietnam was the biggest importer of Japanese scrap, importing 204,149 mt, down by 4.2 percent year on year. Vietnam was followed by South Korea and Taiwan, importing 155,792 mt and 76,844 mt of scrap, down 43.5 percent and down 7.7 percent, respectively, year on year.
Meanwhile, Japanese scrap exports to Bangladesh decreased to 31,782 mt in January, down from 43,419 mt in the previous year.
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