Heartland
CBD for PTSD
CBD’s efficacy in treating different illnesses is now beyond question. Inflammation, neurological disorders, and pain are four of the medical conditions which have been treated successfully by CBD.
However, CBD’s usefulness does not end there.
What Is PTSD?
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder which can occur in people who have experienced or seen a traumatic event. This may be an accident, war, violence or a sexual assault.
There is a broad spectrum of symptoms associated with PTSD which can vary widely between individuals. The emotional symptoms of PTSD may include severe anxiety, depression, and anger caused by uncontrollable memories of the event. Physical symptoms may include back pain, stomach pain, tiredness, and migraines. These symptoms can make life extremely difficult for sufferers.
How PTSD Affects The Brain
Researchers believe that PTSD affects two areas of the brain: the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex (PFC).
The amygdala is a part of the brain which plays a key role in processing emotions and fear. Researchers believe that PTSD causes the amygdala to shrink. When it shrinks it becomes less effective in processing trauma-related anxiety.
The PFC is implicated in planning complex cognitive behavior, personality expression, decision making, and moderating behavior. In sufferers of PTSD, the PFC has been observed as being less active.
PTSD can be difficult to treat. There is no single treatment or medication which works for everyone. Traditionally, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), Benzodiazepines and antipsychotic medication have been used to treat PTSD. However, many patients have reported significant side effects when using these drugs.
How Can CBD Treat PTSD?
The Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS) is one of the organizations at the forefront of research into CBD’s efficacy in treating PTSD.
MAPS has explored the relationship between PTSD, our endogenous cannabinoid system and the role played by cannabis.
Anandamide is an endocannabinoid, a cannabinoid which is produced by the human body and is responsible for activating the CB-1 brain receptors. These receptors are located in the brain and nervous system and are responsible for managing physiological functions. These functions deal with things like memory, mood and pain sensations. Healthy CB-1 receptors enable us to forget traumatic memories.
Researchers have discovered that anandamide is present at lower levels in PTSD sufferers than those with no symptoms of PTSD. Consequently, they are unable to forget traumatic memories.
The cannabis plant contains cannabinoids, including CBD, which activates the same receptors as anandamide. As a result, cannabis may help PTSD sufferers by replacing missing endocannabinoids.
Access To CBD
Today, veterans are some of the people most affected by PTSD. Despite CBD’s effectiveness in treating PTSD, veterans who wish to use it face significant obstacles. In the US, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) manages healthcare for veterans. Despite legislation seeking to improve access to medical cannabis for veterans, the VA continues to oppose any bill which would promote the use of cannabis.
Tags: PTSD, CBD, Cannabis, Cannabidiol, Veterans
Source: https://ancientchemistry.uk/blogs/news-cbd/cbd-for-ptsd
Heartland
Clinical evaluation of physician-controlled guidewire manipulation during endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy (with video)
Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided hepaticogastrostomy (HGS) may be most complex because of the EUS-guided biliary drainage procedure and variations in the course of the intrahepatic bile duct compared with the common bile duct (CBD). Appropriate guidewire insertion is essential. Physician-controlled guidewire manipulation (PCGW) might improve technical success rates of bile duct cannulation. The present study aimed to determine the technical feasibility and safety of…
. 2021 Mar;9(3):E395-E400.
doi: 10.1055/a-1336-3132. Epub 2021 Feb 19.
Affiliations
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Endosc Int Open. 2021 Mar.
Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided hepaticogastrostomy (HGS) may be most complex because of the EUS-guided biliary drainage procedure and variations in the course of the intrahepatic bile duct compared with the common bile duct (CBD). Appropriate guidewire insertion is essential. Physician-controlled guidewire manipulation (PCGW) might improve technical success rates of bile duct cannulation. The present study aimed to determine the technical feasibility and safety of PCGW during EUS-HGS. Patients and methods A total of 122 consecutive patients who were scheduled to undergo EUS-HGS between October 2017 and April 2019 were prospectively registered. The primary endpoint was the technical success rate of guidewire insertion into the CBD or hepatic hilum. Guidewire insertion was considered to have failed if the HGS assistant failed to achieve manipulation. Results The intrahepatic bile duct was successfully punctured in 120 of 122 patients. During guidewire insertion by the HGS assistant, guidewire fracture was observed in one patient. The guidewire was successfully inserted into the biliary tract and manipulated by the HGS assistant in 96 patients. PCGW was thus attempted for the remaining 23 patients. The guidewire was inserted by PCGW in all 23 patients, improving the technical success rate for guidewire insertion from 80 % to 100 %. After tract dilation, we deployed covered metal stents and plastic stents in 117 and two patients, respectively. The overall technical success rate for EUS-HGS was 97.5 % (119/122). Adverse events comprising bile peritonitis or leakage developed in five patients. Conclusion PCGW might contribute to improving the success rate of EUS-HGS.
The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Conflict of interest statement
Competing interests The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33655039/?utm_source=Googlebot&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1zmroqAMnEquTZFTfdGx1V1gPEavo-Be3-FKTecJpOlB7LykCL&fc=20200804213506&ff=20210303125051&v=2.14.2
Heartland
Cannabis sativa: Interdisciplinary Strategies and Avenues for Medical and Commercial Progression Outside of CBD and THC
Cannabis sativa (Cannabis) is one of the world’s most well-known, yet maligned plant species. However, significant recent research is starting to unveil the potential of Cannabis to produce secondary compounds that may offer a suite of medical benefits, elevating this unique plant species from its illicit narcotic status into a genuine biopharmaceutical. This review summarises the lengthy history of Cannabis and details the molecular pathways that underpin the production of key secondary…
Review
. 2021 Feb 26;9(3):234.
doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9030234.
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Review
Biomedicines. .
Abstract
Cannabis sativa (Cannabis) is one of the world’s most well-known, yet maligned plant species. However, significant recent research is starting to unveil the potential of Cannabis to produce secondary compounds that may offer a suite of medical benefits, elevating this unique plant species from its illicit narcotic status into a genuine biopharmaceutical. This review summarises the lengthy history of Cannabis and details the molecular pathways that underpin the production of key secondary metabolites that may confer medical efficacy. We also provide an up-to-date summary of the molecular targets and potential of the relatively unknown minor compounds offered by the Cannabis plant. Furthermore, we detail the recent advances in plant science, as well as synthetic biology, and the pharmacology surrounding Cannabis. Given the relative infancy of Cannabis research, we go on to highlight the parallels to previous research conducted in another medically relevant and versatile plant, Papaver somniferum (opium poppy), as an indicator of the possible future direction of Cannabis plant biology. Overall, this review highlights the future directions of cannabis research outside of the medical biology aspects of its well-characterised constituents and explores additional avenues for the potential improvement of the medical potential of the Cannabis plant.
Keywords: Cannabis sativa (Cannabis); Papaver somniferum (opium poppy); cannabidiol (CBD); cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2); cannabinoids; secondary metabolites; tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).
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Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33652704/?utm_source=Googlebot&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1zmroqAMnEquTZFTfdGx1V1gPEavo-Be3-FKTecJpOlB7LykCL&fc=20200804213506&ff=20210303125051&v=2.14.2
Heartland
Propolis in Metabolic Syndrome and Its Associated Chronic Diseases: A Narrative Review
Propolis is a resinous product collected by bees from plants to protect and maintain the homeostasis of their hives. Propolis has been used therapeutically by humans for centuries. This review article attempts to analyze the potential use of propolis in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its associated chronic diseases. MetS and its chronic diseases were shown to be involved in at least seven out of the top 10 causes of death in 2019. Patients with MetS are also at a heightened risk of severe…
Review
. 2021 Feb 26;10(3):348.
doi: 10.3390/antiox10030348.
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Review
Antioxidants (Basel). .
Abstract
Propolis is a resinous product collected by bees from plants to protect and maintain the homeostasis of their hives. Propolis has been used therapeutically by humans for centuries. This review article attempts to analyze the potential use of propolis in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its associated chronic diseases. MetS and its chronic diseases were shown to be involved in at least seven out of the top 10 causes of death in 2019. Patients with MetS are also at a heightened risk of severe morbidity and mortality in the present COVID-19 pandemic. Propolis with its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties is potentially useful in ameliorating the symptoms of MetS and its associated chronic diseases. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive review on propolis and its therapeutic benefit in MetS and its chronic diseases, with an emphasis on in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as human clinical trials. Moreover, the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of action of propolis are also discussed. Propolis inhibits the development and manifestation of MetS and its chronic diseases by inhibiting of the expression and interaction of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptors (RAGEs), inhibiting pro-inflammatory signaling cascades, and promoting the cellular antioxidant systems.
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; anti-inflammation; antioxidant; cardiovascular; chronic diseases; chronic kidney disease; diabetes mellitus; fatty liver disease; metabolic syndrome; propolis.
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Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33652692/?utm_source=Googlebot&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1zmroqAMnEquTZFTfdGx1V1gPEavo-Be3-FKTecJpOlB7LykCL&fc=20200804213506&ff=20210303125051&v=2.14.2
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