Heartland

Amphetamine effects on dopamine levels and behavior following cannabinoid exposure during adolescence

Published

16 years ago

August 13, 2004

The cannabis gateway hypothesis purports that early exposure to cannabis is a risk factor for subsequent use of other addictive drugs, e.g., psychostimulants. Neurobiological sensitization, consistent with a gateway hypothesis, was currently studied in regard to amphetamine response. Rats were exposed to the cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN 55,212-2 [(R)-(+)-[2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-(4-morpholinylmethyl)pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl]-1-naphthalenylmethanone] 1.25 mg/kg, intraperitoneally; i.p. for 5 days during early adolescence. Amphetamine (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) or WIN 55,212-2 (1.25 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered in late adolescence and in vivo dopamine levels were simultaneously measured in the nucleus accumbens. Locomotor and stereotyped behaviors were also monitored in rats pretreated with WIN 55,212-2 (0.625, 1.25 or 2.5 mg/kg) or Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (0.75, 1.5 or 3.0 mg/kg, i.p.) for 5 days during early adolescence and challenged with amphetamine (0.5 or 2.0 mg/kg) in late adolescence or as adults. Pretreatment with WIN 55,212-2 or Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol during early adolescence did not alter the dopaminergic or behavioral responses to amphetamine in adolescence or adulthood. In conclusion, these findings do not support the cannabis gateway hypothesis in regard to subsequent amphetamine exposure.

Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15306206/?utm_source=no_user_agent&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1z7zlNEMzQex5jriqkhCblNtckSEpT9xYlxxeymU_73UTETESY&fc=20200804213258&ff=20200812190741&v=2.11.5

Related Topics:cannabinoid cannabis heartland risk

Up Next

In utero marijuana exposure associated with abnormal amygdala dopamine D2 gene expression in the human fetus

Don't Miss

Preferential limbic expression of the cannabinoid receptor mRNA in the human fetal brain

Heartland

CBD Dabs/flower? What should I expect?

Published

3 hours ago

October 23, 2020

Republished by Plato

So I’ve been staying off weed since march of this year so I could pass drug tests for work if I needed to and now since I get my first paycheck pretty soon I’ve been thinking about CBD flower or Dabs specifically dabs. I had mostly smoked flower and got carts (from disp) but I had only done dabs once. but the torch I had gotten was pretty cheap and it had melted whilst using it and I didn’t properly do it so I had to kind of free base what I had. But since then I’ve thought that maybe doing CBD dabs would be a better alternative to tincture since it get’s to the head quicker and my tolerance for weed is about 0. But I’m still iffy considering the reputation Dabs have. I’ve been taking a look at different brands but secret nature and extract labs have kind of got my attention. Both have a pretty good reputation and secret nature has lab test PDFs and codes you can scan with their flower and extracts. But I’m still pretty on the fence on what to do personally. I feel like I’d be better off with flower but I don’t want to smell like weed and I don’t want to burn my lungs off taking a hot dab.

Source: https://www.reddit.com/r/CBD/comments/jgtg60/cbd_dabsflower_what_should_i_expect/

Heartland

Switching to CBD Carts to get off THC carts?

Published

4 hours ago

October 23, 2020

Republished by Plato

Visit our community site for vetted suppliers at http://theCBD.place. It’s time that this subject was given more internet exposure. We are here to discuss topics related to medical marijuana and our experiences using CBD. Please do not assume that anyone here is a medical professional.

Source: https://www.reddit.com/r/CBD/comments/jgsr8u/switching_to_cbd_carts_to_get_off_thc_carts/

Heartland

Ascariasis in common bile duct resulting in a subhepatic abscess

CONCLUSIONS: Ascariasis should be considered in endemic areas and early endoscopic intervention and medical therapy can be effective for extrahepatic involvement.

Published

4 hours ago

October 23, 2020

Republished by Plato

Case Reports

. Jul-Sep 2020;83(3):488-490.

Affiliations

PMID: 33094600

Item in Clipboard

Case Reports

B C Anzali et al. Acta Gastroenterol Belg. Jul-Sep 2020.

. Jul-Sep 2020;83(3):488-490.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Emergency Medicine, Urmia University of medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
² Prehospital and Hospital Emergency Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
³ PGY-4 Resident of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Urmia University of medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.

Item in Clipboard

Abstract

Background: Biliary system ascariasis can be a rare cause of acute abdomen.

Patient report: A 70-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain for two weeks. She complained of a right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain, intermittent vomiting and weight loss. Physical examination showed RUQ and epigastric tenderness without rebound tenderness or guarding. Laboratory finding exhibited leukocytosis and mildly elevated liver enzymes.

Results: Abdominal sonography showed distended gallbladder and a tubular lesion inside the common bile duct (CBD) in favor of a parasitic lesion. A large ascaris roundworm and blood clots were extracted from the CBD by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and sphincterotomy. After 7 days, the disease process was complicated with a subhepatic abscess formation which was managed conservatively. Finally, the patient was discharged home in fair condition after 12 days of hospitalization.

Conclusions: Ascariasis should be considered in endemic areas and early endoscopic intervention and medical therapy can be effective for extrahepatic involvement.

Keywords: Abdominal abscess; abdominal pain; ascariasis; common bile duct; endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.