Heartland
Adolescent cannabis exposure alters opiate intake and opioid limbic neuronal populations in adult rats
Cannabis use is a hypothesized gateway to subsequent abuse of other drugs such as heroin. We currently assessed whether Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) exposure during adolescence modulates opiate reinforcement and opioid neural systems in adulthood. Long-Evan male rats received THC (1.5 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.)) or vehicle every third day during postnatal days (PNDs) 28-49. Heroin self-administration behavior (fixed ratio-1; 3-h sessions) was studied from young adulthood (PND 57) into…

Cannabis use is a hypothesized gateway to subsequent abuse of other drugs such as heroin. We currently assessed whether Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) exposure during adolescence modulates opiate reinforcement and opioid neural systems in adulthood. Long-Evan male rats received THC (1.5 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.)) or vehicle every third day during postnatal days (PNDs) 28-49. Heroin self-administration behavior (fixed ratio-1; 3-h sessions) was studied from young adulthood (PND 57) into full adults (PND 102). THC-pretreated rats showed an upward shift throughout the heroin self-administration acquisition (30 microg/kg/infusion) phase, whereas control animals maintained the same pattern once stable intake was obtained. Heightened opiate sensitivity in THC animals was also evidenced by higher heroin consumption during the maintenance phase (30 and 60 microg/kg/infusion) and greater responding for moderate-low heroin doses (dose-response curve: 7.5, 15, 30, 60, and 100 microg/kg/injection). Specific disturbance of the endogenous opioid system was also apparent in the brain of adults with adolescent THC exposure. Striatal preproenkephalin mRNA expression was exclusively increased in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell; the relative elevation of preproenkephalin mRNA in the THC rats was maintained even after heroin self-administration. Moreover, mu opioid receptor (muOR) GTP-coupling was potentiated in mesolimbic and nigrostriatal brainstem regions in THC-pretreated animals. muOR function in the NAc shell was specifically correlated to heroin intake. The current findings support the gateway hypothesis demonstrating that adolescence cannabis exposure has an enduring impact on hedonic processing resulting in enhanced opiate intake, possibly as a consequence of alterations in limbic opioid neuronal populations.
Heartland
Placed an order with Plain Jane, didn’t receive order confirmation email.
Hey guys, just want to hear from some people who have ordered from them before and know if thats normal or not. This is my first time ordering from them, I took a screenshot when I checked out and it gave me my order number, I definitely put in the right email and stuff.
Usually most transactions online result in an instant email that notifies they got my order, I got nothing at all, just seems pretty weird and makes me a bit worried.
Is this normal?
Source: https://www.reddit.com/r/CBD/comments/ltugeb/placed_an_order_with_plain_jane_didnt_receive/
Heartland
I Tried Tommy Chong's Good Vibes Protocol CBD & It Changed Everything
Oils, pills, even gummy bears — and it didn't do a thing for me. I wasn't the only one. I asked friends of mine, and most of us had tried CBD before and … Source:
-
Heartland1 week ago
CBD Oil for Dogs With Seizures: The Ultimate Guide
-
Heartland1 week ago
Edibles Vs. Vape Cartridge
-
Heartland1 week ago
CBD and Psych Med Interactions?
-
Heartland1 week ago
I’m new to cbd where do I start?
-
Heartland1 week ago
…
-
Heartland1 week ago
The Difference Between Vape Juice and CBD Vape Juice
-
Heartland1 week ago
CVSI will reach $5 dollars soon?
-
Heartland5 days ago
Florida Bill Aims to Legalize Medical Magic Mushrooms