Heartland

Adolescent cannabis exposure alters opiate intake and opioid limbic neuronal populations in adult rats

Published

14 years ago

July 11, 2006

Cannabis use is a hypothesized gateway to subsequent abuse of other drugs such as heroin. We currently assessed whether Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) exposure during adolescence modulates opiate reinforcement and opioid neural systems in adulthood. Long-Evan male rats received THC (1.5 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.)) or vehicle every third day during postnatal days (PNDs) 28-49. Heroin self-administration behavior (fixed ratio-1; 3-h sessions) was studied from young adulthood (PND 57) into full adults (PND 102). THC-pretreated rats showed an upward shift throughout the heroin self-administration acquisition (30 microg/kg/infusion) phase, whereas control animals maintained the same pattern once stable intake was obtained. Heightened opiate sensitivity in THC animals was also evidenced by higher heroin consumption during the maintenance phase (30 and 60 microg/kg/infusion) and greater responding for moderate-low heroin doses (dose-response curve: 7.5, 15, 30, 60, and 100 microg/kg/injection). Specific disturbance of the endogenous opioid system was also apparent in the brain of adults with adolescent THC exposure. Striatal preproenkephalin mRNA expression was exclusively increased in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell; the relative elevation of preproenkephalin mRNA in the THC rats was maintained even after heroin self-administration. Moreover, mu opioid receptor (muOR) GTP-coupling was potentiated in mesolimbic and nigrostriatal brainstem regions in THC-pretreated animals. muOR function in the NAc shell was specifically correlated to heroin intake. The current findings support the gateway hypothesis demonstrating that adolescence cannabis exposure has an enduring impact on hedonic processing resulting in enhanced opiate intake, possibly as a consequence of alterations in limbic opioid neuronal populations.

Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16823391/?utm_source=no_user_agent&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=1z7zlNEMzQex5jriqkhCblNtckSEpT9xYlxxeymU_73UTETESY&fc=20200804213258&ff=20200812123047&v=2.11.5

Heartland

Newbie q: Is Broad Spectrum worth taking over Isolate?

Published

3 hours ago

October 30, 2020

Republished by Plato

Does the extra substances in Broad spectrum really have any benefit without any THC?

I read the following but I dont know enough yet to agree or not: “You cannot get an entourage effect without THC. You cannot therefore completely extract the THC and call it anything but an isolate. You most certainly cannot claim it gives “the benefits of a full spectrum” because it literally cannot do so. There is no such thing as “broad spectrum.” It’s a nonsense term that companies selling isolates are using to trick you into buying their weakened products.”

What are the thoughts of people, esp. those who’ve tried broad and isolate?

Source: https://www.reddit.com/r/CBD/comments/jkz9ic/newbie_q_is_broad_spectrum_worth_taking_over/

Heartland

HOPE™ Products for Autism Launch in Australia After Earlier US Debuts in Pennsylvania and Louisiana

Zelira Therapeutics Ltd (ASX: ZLD, OTCQB: ZLDAF) just announced that its proprietary cannabinoid medicines, HOPE 1™ and HOPE 2™are now available by prescription to patients in Australia. The HOPE™ forumations, developed by Zelira and noted autism advocate Erica Daniels, first launched in 2019 in Pennsylvania and this fall in Louisiana. “We have had great success […]

The post HOPE™ Products for Autism Launch in Australia After Earlier US Debuts in Pennsylvania and Louisiana appeared first on Green Market Report.

Published

4 hours ago

October 30, 2020

Republished by Plato

Zelira Therapeutics Ltd (ASX: ZLD, OTCQB: ZLDAF) just announced that its proprietary cannabinoid medicines, HOPE 1™ and HOPE 2™are now available by prescription to patients in Australia. The HOPE™ forumations, developed by Zelira and noted autism advocate Erica Daniels, first launched in 2019 in Pennsylvania and this fall in Louisiana.

“We have had great success with HOPE™ in the US and are thrilled to be able to offer it to patients as a treatment option through the Therapeutic Goods Administration’s (TGA) Special Access Scheme,” says Osagie Imosogie, Chairman of Zelira Therapuetics. “Zelira is proud of this latest achievement in our mission to bring cannabinoid medicine to patients around the world.”

The HOPE™ cannabinoid medicines were developed to support the needs of patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) by Daniels and Zelira Therapeutics, which then licensed the proprietary formulas to Ilera Healthcare in Pennsylvania and Ilera Holistic Healthcare in Louisiana. HOPE™ has since established itself as one of the top selling formulated medicinal cannabis products in Ilera Healthcare’s portfolio.

“Autism families are finally beginning to have access to a truly better alternative than the harsh pharmaceuticals of the past and I am so proud that HOPE is now available in Australia,” says Erica Daniels, founder of Hope Grows for Autism and co-creator of the HOPE forumalations. “What started off as a labor of love to find a way to treat my own son is now helping parents around the world.”

HOPE™ is part of Zelira’s family of revenue generating medicinal cannabis formulations. The products consist of two pharmaceutical-grade proprietary formulations developed as pharmaceutical-grade products targeting Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) as a disease indication.

“Following the success of the HOPE™ launches in Pennsylvania and Louisiana, we are excited to make these products available to patients and physicians in Australia,” says Dr. Richard Hopkins, Zelira’s global Managing Director. “This represents another key milestone in our commitment to bring the benefits of HOPE™ to patients in global markets.”

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Source: https://www.greenmarketreport.com/hope-products-for-autism-launch-in-australia-after-earlier-us-debuts-in-pennsylvania-and-louisiana/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=hope-products-for-autism-launch-in-australia-after-earlier-us-debuts-in-pennsylvania-and-louisiana

Heartland

How long till I have a “normal” THC high again after vaping CBD?

Published

4 hours ago

October 30, 2020

Republished by Plato

This week I started vaping CBD to try and cut back on my weed consumption during the week as it was starting to interfere with my college classes. The results have blown me out of the water so far, but I’ve also noticed how dampened my THC highs have become. I’m fine with it during the week as I don’t feel awful waking up after a late night sesh and can get my stuff done, but over the weekend I like to indulge a little more since I’ve cut back so much during the week. About how long does it typically take after pausing CBD consumption (I last vaped around 6 pm yesterday) to feel a full, normal high? I do appreciate the calm nature of the highs when you’re loaded up with CBD but it’s just not as satisfying for me in my free time. Any help appreciated 🙂

Source: https://www.reddit.com/r/CBD/comments/jky9co/how_long_till_i_have_a_normal_thc_high_again/