Metal
3D printing of a lithium-calcium-silicate crystal bioscaffold with dual bioactivities for osteochondral interface reconstruction
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It is difficult to achieve self-healing outcoming for the osteochondral defects caused by degenerative diseases. The simultaneous regeneration of both cartilage and subchondral bone tissues is an effective therapeutic strategy for osteochondral defects. However, it is challenging to design a single type of bioscaffold with suitable ionic components and beneficial osteo/chondral-stimulation ability for regeneration of osteochondral defects. In this study, we successfully synthesized a pure-phase lithium calcium silicate (Li2Ca4Si4O13, L2C4S4) bioceramic by a sol-gel method, and further prepared L2C4S4 scaffolds by using a 3D-printing method. The compressive strength of L2C4S4 scaffolds could be well controlled in the range of 15–40?MPa when pore size varied from 170 to 400?μm. L2C4S4 scaffolds have been demonstrated to possess controlled biodegradability and good apatite-mineralization ability. At a certain concentration range, the ionic products from L2C4S4significantly stimulated the proliferation and maturation of chondrocytes, as well as promoted the osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. L2C4S4 scaffolds simultaneously promoted the regeneration of both cartilage and subchondral bone as compared to pure β-TCP scaffolds in rabbit osteochondral defects. These findings suggest that 3D-printed L2C4S4 scaffolds with such specific ionic combination, high mechanical strength and good degradability as well as dual bioactivities, represent a promising biomaterial for osteochondral interface reconstruction.
This article is currently an article in press in Biomaterials, 2018.
Sign up or log in to your free Materials Today account to download the full article.
It is difficult to achieve self-healing outcoming for the osteochondral defects caused by degenerative diseases. The simultaneous regeneration of both cartilage and subchondral bone tissues is an effective therapeutic strategy for osteochondral defects. However, it is challenging to design a single type of bioscaffold with suitable ionic components and beneficial osteo/chondral-stimulation ability for regeneration of osteochondral defects. In this study, we successfully synthesized a pure-phase lithium calcium silicate (Li2Ca4Si4O13, L2C4S4) bioceramic by a sol-gel method, and further prepared L2C4S4 scaffolds by using a 3D-printing method. The compressive strength of L2C4S4 scaffolds could be well controlled in the range of 15–40?MPa when pore size varied from 170 to 400?μm. L2C4S4 scaffolds have been demonstrated to possess controlled biodegradability and good apatite-mineralization ability. At a certain concentration range, the ionic products from L2C4S4significantly stimulated the proliferation and maturation of chondrocytes, as well as promoted the osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. L2C4S4 scaffolds simultaneously promoted the regeneration of both cartilage and subchondral bone as compared to pure β-TCP scaffolds in rabbit osteochondral defects. These findings suggest that 3D-printed L2C4S4 scaffolds with such specific ionic combination, high mechanical strength and good degradability as well as dual bioactivities, represent a promising biomaterial for osteochondral interface reconstruction.
This article is currently an article in press in Biomaterials, 2018.
Metal
Global Precious MMI: Gold retraces as dollar firms, long-term treasury yields rise
The Global Precious Monthly Metals Index (MMI) dipped 0.7% for this month’s index value, as gold prices have continued to slide. Stay up to date on MetalMiner with weekly updates – without the…
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The Global Precious Monthly Metals Index (MMI) dipped 0.7% for this month’s index value, as gold prices have continued to slide.
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Gold price dips below $1,700/oz
Amid economic uncertainty and turbulence, many turn to traditional safe-haven assets like gold.
However, the gold price has been on the decline since August.
The gold price reached an August peak of $2,035 per ounce. The price fell below $1,800 around Thanksgiving before recovering to around $1,950 at the start of the year.
Since then, gold has come back down, falling to $1,698 per ounce on Monday.
US dollar regains some strength; treasury yields gain
The US dollar and the gold price are generally inversely correlated.
As such, the US dollar has shown some strength of late.
The dollar index reached 92.30 on Monday and is up 2.64% in the year to date.
In other indicators of strength, the 30-year treasury yield reached 2.31% on Monday, up from 1.66% to start the year. Meanwhile, the 10-year yield reached 1.59% on Monday, up from 0.93% to start the year.
Meanwhile, as we’ve noted previously, other factors potentially weighing on gold include adoption of cryptocurrency by some investors. While Bitcoin’s volatility is significant, the price has surged this year. Bitcoin reached $53,806 to start the week, down from the all-time peak of $57,489 reached late last month. However, Bitcoin is still up 83% on the year.
Automotive precious metals continue to surge
Prices for precious metals used in automotive applications continue to rise — to the chagrin of automotive manufacturers.
Rhodium, for example, used in catalysts that deal with emissions, continues to surge. After reaching $16,000 per ounce in late January, the price reached $25,800 per ounce Monday, or up approximately 61%.
Meanwhile, palladium’s gains have not been as significant, but the price remains elevated. At $2,234 per ounce on Monday, the palladium price is up 47% since its 2020 trough in late March 2020.
In an interview with the Financial Times, Nissan Chief Operating Officer Ashwani Gupta cited the challenge of rising raw material prices, particularly precious metals.
Sibanye-Stillwater reports six-month results
South African miner Sibanye-Stillwater last month reported its results for the six-month period ending Dec. 31, 2020.
The firm’s profit jumped to $1.78 billion, up from $5 million during the same period in 2019.
In its 4E PGM category in South Africa — rhodium, platinum, palladium and gold — production reached 918,679 ounces, down from 980,343 ounces the previous year.
Meanwhile, 2E PGM output in the US — that is, platinum and palladium — totaled 305,327 ounces, down from 309,202 ounces.
“2020 was a defining year for the Group, marking the end of the deleveraging phase that has prevailed over the past three years,” Sibanye-Stillwater CEO Neal Froneman said. “Despite the significant challenges associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, the Group delivered a record financial performance and made notable progress towards delivery on many strategic targets.”
Newmont reports production results
In other production news, top gold miner Newmont Corporation reported fiscal year 2020 net income of $2.14 billion, up from $970 million the previous year.
Furthermore, Newmont’s attributable gold production fell to 5.91 million ounces, down from 6.29 million ounces the previous fiscal year.
Gold production fell due to “Yanacocha and Cerro Negro being placed into care and maintenance in response to the Covid pandemic, lower ore grade mined at Ahafo and the sale of Red Lake and Kalgoorlie, partially offset by a full year of operations from assets acquired in April 2019,” the miner said.
Actual metals prices and trends
The US silver price dipped 1.0% month over month to $26.70 per ounce as of March 1.
The US platinum bar price rose to 10.8% to $1,181 per ounce. Meanwhile, the US palladium bar price rose 3.2% to $2,229 per ounce.
The Chinese gold bullion price fell 6.4% to $56.45 per gram. The US gold bullion price fell 6.1% to $1,736 per ounce.
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Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/agmetalminer/~3/LqwM7I1GQWY/
Metal
US Steel acquires NanoSteel’s intellectual property and patents
United States Steel Corporation announced that it recently purchased The NanoSteel Co.’s intellectual property, trademarks, and flat rolled sheet patents for an undisclosed amount. By doing so, it becomes the sole owner and producer of its internationally recognized high-strength steel grades.
The NanoSteel Co. proprietary alloys are constructed with a nano-scale microstructure that provides enhanced formability normally found only in low-strength mild steels with extreme strength. Grades can be rolled thicker than other high-strength grades. They are designed for heavy industrial and automotive applications where higher strength-to-weight ratios are necessary.
“We are pleased to offer our customers yet another set of advanced high-strength steel grades that move beyond the boundaries of what was previously possible,” US Steel President and CEO David B. Burritt said. “These products are in line with our Best of Both strategy and complement and expand our already strong offering of advanced high-strength steels like our proprietary 980 XG3 steel.”
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Source: https://www.steelorbis.com/steel-news/latest-news/us-steel-acquires-nanosteels-intellectual-property-and-patents-1189482.htm
Metal
US Steel acquires NanoSteel’s intellectual property and patents
United States Steel Corporation announced that it recently purchased The NanoSteel Co.’s intellectual property, trademarks, and flat rolled sheet patents for an undisclosed amount. By doing so, it becomes the sole owner and producer of its internationally recognized high-strength steel grades.
The NanoSteel Co. proprietary alloys are constructed with a nano-scale microstructure that provides enhanced formability normally found only in low-strength mild steels with extreme strength. Grades can be rolled thicker than other high-strength grades. They are designed for heavy industrial and automotive applications where higher strength-to-weight ratios are necessary.
“We are pleased to offer our customers yet another set of advanced high-strength steel grades that move beyond the boundaries of what was previously possible,” US Steel President and CEO David B. Burritt said. “These products are in line with our Best of Both strategy and complement and expand our already strong offering of advanced high-strength steels like our proprietary 980 XG3 steel.”
Checkout PrimeXBT
Trade with the Official CFD Partners of AC Milan
The Easiest Way to Way To Trade Crypto.
Check out Nord
Make your Money Grow with Mintos
Source: https://www.steelorbis.com/steel-news/latest-news/us-steel-acquires-nanosteels-intellectual-property-and-patents-1189482.htm
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